Waste Free ’23 Technical References & Research Articles Directory
This directory page organizes all our research articles into specific categories for easy navigation. Each article title links to a detailed summary, written in simple language to highlight the economic and environmental benefits of the research. These studies form the backbone of Waste Free ’23’s mission to deliver scientifically sound, sustainable waste management solutions. Explore the research to learn more about innovative methods in recycling, waste-to-energy processes, and agricultural advancements.
Jump to: Plastic Waste | Organic Waste | Toilet Waste |
Click the Title to View the Full Summary of an Article.
1. Plastic Processing
- Gas Emissions During Low-Temperature Melting of Recycled Plastic Bags – This study investigates the release of gases when remolding plastic bags made from HDPE. It highlights that ensuring proper ventilation makes the remolding process safe and feasible for recycling operations.
- Innovative Styrofoam Recycling for Sustainable Construction – Warm Heart developed a method to recycle Styrofoam into lightweight, durable cement bricks. This technique provides a sustainable business model and helps reduce Styrofoam waste pollution.
2. Food & Other Organic Waste Processing
Comparing Treatment Strategies for Food and Faecal Waste – This study compared composting, Black Soldier Fly (BSF) treatment, and anaerobic digestion (AD). BSF treatment combined with AD was found to be the most cost-effective option in areas with existing AD plants.
Carbon Footprint of Black Soldier Fly Waste Processing in Uganda – Researchers found that BSFL production in Kampala emits 3.1 kg CO2 per kg of dried larvae but avoids 9.7 kg CO2, offering a significant net reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.
Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollutant Emissions from Composting – This review shows that composting can reduce landfill waste but may release harmful gases like CH₄ and NH₃ if not properly managed. Improved composting practices are recommended.
Effects of Organic Fertilizers on Cereal Seedling Growth – Insect frass fertilizer improved the growth of cereal seedlings in low-nutrient soils, while biochar showed limited impact on plant growth but potential for long-term soil carbon storage.
Black Soldier Fly Biowaste Treatment and Global Warming Impact – This study found that BSF treatment emits far fewer greenhouse gases than composting and can serve as a sustainable alternative for waste processing and animal feed production.
Participatory On-Farm Biochar Production in Ghana – Farmers in Ghana increased lettuce yields by 93% using biochar from rice husks. The study highlights the importance of farmer involvement and easy access to production materials.
Duckweed for Wastewater Treatment and Biomass Production – Duckweed was found to clean wastewater better than water hyacinth and provide high-quality biomass for animal feed, bioenergy, and medicine production.
Enhancing Agricultural Yields Using Organic Fertilizers – Scientists combined biochar with stored human urine to create a powerful fertilizer that boosted crop growth and helped recycle waste nutrients.
3. Toilet Waste Processing
Urea Recovery from Stabilized Urine Using Novel Evaporation Process – Researchers developed a method to extract urea from urine at low temperatures, providing a low-cost, eco-friendly fertilizer alternative.
Using Human Urine as Fertilizer for Barley Cultivation – This study found that crops grew well with urine-based fertilizers, and no harmful pharmaceutical residues were found in the soil or grain.
Recycling Nutrients from Dry Toilet Substrates – Biochar made from dry toilet waste combined with urine was shown to improve soil nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus levels.
Potential of Urine Separation for Biochar Fertilizers – This study recommends separating urine from toilet waste to reduce salt stress and enhance the nutrient content of biochar fertilizers.
Pyrolysis of Dry Toilet Substrate for Nutrient Recycling – Researchers found that biochar made from dry toilet waste is a good fertilizer when combined with urine. It helps reduce salt stress and keeps nitrogen levels stable.
Comparing Waste Treatment Methods for Food and Toilet Waste – This research evaluated composting, BSF treatment, and anaerobic digestion. BSF treatment was the most cost-effective for areas without advanced facilities.
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Availability from Human Waste Fertilizers – The study showed that pyrolyzing waste at higher temperatures improved phosphorus levels but reduced nitrogen availability. Combining waste with urine boosted nutrient content.
Torrefied Sewage Sludge as Fertilizer or Fuel – This research found that torrefied sewage sludge is better as a fertilizer than as fuel due to its high nutrient content.
Enhancing Fertilizer with Urine-Enriched Faecal Biochar – Combining faecal-derived biochar with human urine created a nutrient-rich fertilizer that boosted crop growth and helped recycle waste sustainably.
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